How Would a Quantum Computer Handle Transcendental Numbers?
Wikipedia: "In mathematics, a transcendental number is a real or complex number that is not algebraic—that is, it is not a root of a non-zero polynomial equation with rational coefficients."
For example, e, Pi, and Phi -- but there are many others.
OK, so let's say I have a Quantum Computer.
Questions:
1) How do I input a Transcendental Number?
2) If, after inputting a Transcendental Number, I then want the Nth digit of that number, where N is a super large integer, like say the trillionth digit of Pi, how do I ask the Quantum Computer for that, and will the result be accurate if checked against a conventional computer?
3) Using Transcendental Numbers in repeated functions which take Transcendental Numbers and return other Transcendental Numbers as their results, will the Nth digit of the resulting number be correct, if checked against a conventional computer?
And finally:
4) In cases where N is so high that a conventional computer can't check what its value should be, and we ask a Quantum Computer for it, how do we know that the Quantum Computer is correct?