imo if Theranos had stayed out of microfluidics and stuck with fundamentals of testing but done it well- regular draws but used the best trained phlebotomists who can find the vein on the first stick, do a painless draw and really improved their model of "easy access" walk in Walgreens testing, immediate/fast under 24 hour results, pay up front and low cost, they could have overtaken Quest and Labcorp just by exploiting inefficiencies in that market. Instead they got too sidetracked focusing on razzle dazzle nanotainer microfluidic science that doesn't even work.
"...regular draws but used the best trained phlebotomists who can find the vein on the first stick..."
That's the advantage of a finger prick. You don't need to be a trained phlebotomist to do it. The microfluidics drove the idea that you only needed "a few drops" to perform the tests (since drawing 100mL out of a finger would take forever). Put those two together and you had the concept of a test that any semi-skilled person could perform in a drugstore. That was the hook Theranos was banking on.
Yes, but Theranos still had phlebotomists doing their finger pricks. Also, phlebotomists aren't that expensive. Even in the Bay Area I think they only make around $18 an hour. Cheaper than a nurse, for sure.
The remainder were run through traditional ELISA and clin-chem machinery from other companies.