> will only retrieve balances from open loop prepaid debit cards

so the poor get fucked two ways:

1) these prepaid debit cards have a lot of fees and service charges associated with them, they're basically in the same financial category for the "unbanked" as predatory payday loans, check cashing places and other financial services retail operations you see in a ghetto.

2) the people who have these cards with some balance on them risk getting all their money jacked by the local police.