Washington Adams Witherspoon anyone
Any reading that agrees with me?
Alternatively, it was (and in justice courts, still is) to have people write down everything that was said. There are several techniques to write fast enough to catch every word of a fast speaker. It is called stenography, or shorthand. An almost lost skill nowadays.
The local government here in Uruguay periodically makes calls for applications for Stenographers to work in the judiciary, at a locally very enticing wage, so lots of people train in shorthand, and you see ads on the street advertising shorthand training.
Yes, judiciary is still a user of that, and depending on the country they may not be allowed to use recorders. But before the time of cheap and light recorders, almost all secretaries in private companies used to learn steno to be able to take dictation at a natural speed. It was much more widespread at the time.