I believe the contracts (preconditions, postconditions, assertions) proposal may address this issue.

The latest proposal is P0380, "A Contract Design": https://wg21.link/P0380.

An earlier work, "Simple Contracts for C++" (https://wg21.link/P0287), gives some further background and motivation.

Notably, contracts are currently solely in the proposal stage (and not in the upcoming standard).