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From the article: "“It is a known observation among the vulgar that the saliva is efficacious in cleansing foul wounds, and cicatrizing recent ones,” wrote the 18th-century physician Herman Boerhaave. He was correct. Wounds that would take several weeks to heal on one’s skin disappear in a week inside the mouth."

But the author of the article (not Boerhaave) seems to be missing several points:

1) a wound inside the mouth is protected by tissue all about, and body temperature is maintained as well. An external wound is ~half open to the world and has no temperature maintenance on the open surface. Temperature is important for the immune system to perform.

b) concerning the phrase "saliva is efficacious in cleansing foul wounds": what Boerhaave is saying is that licking one's wounds is efficacious. He's not merely speaking of saliva floating about a wound inside a closed mouth. The common phrase "to lick one's wounds" is not a false euphemism and is not limited to animals other than humans. Licking a wound can help heal it, sucking a wound can remove material that has been inserted into a wound and can quickly route fresh blood to a wound site, aiding healing and flushing out foreign material.

https://www.quora.com/Does-licking-your-own-wound-help-heal-...

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/07/080723094841.h...

http://www.science20.com/news_releases/histatin_why_licking_...

The tissues inside the mouth are a form of mucus membrane. The skin is not. They are different tissues. It is disingenuous to frame it like they are the same type of tissue.
This is key. It's like saying a bones takes months to heal, but skin heals in weeks. Different tissue, different healing process.
My personal experience with licking my wounds, after two decades under the assumption that it would help: it gets infected and then scars badly. N = 1, but admittedly a very pertinent sample, at least for me :p
Placing an Activ Flex by Band-Aid on a skin cut seems to act as a true temporary replacement "second skin", and the cut heals far more rapidly then a regular band-aid. It heals in a similar time-scale as this article says is regular for the mouth.

I'm sure there are other brands or technologies that act similarly, but once I found this particular type of bandage I never had the thought of using anything else.

A Tegaderm has a similar effect on small scrapes and burns. It seals in a lot of the moisture while still allowing you to sweat through it. I still irrigate the wound thoroughly before bandaging, but it's nice not having to change dressings while the wound is healing.

https://www.3m.com/3M/en_US/company-us/all-3m-products/~/Nex...

While true, the reason covered skin wounds heal faster is often due to the cover stops the drying out of the wound which slows healing.
I would have just assumed that the major factor is that your mouth is full of fast-dividing cells. In short, the lining of your mouth is constantly replacing itself, which is great for injury (and withstanding enzymatic action of saliva), but it’s also why chemotherapy causes so many problems in the mouth and GI tract.
Agreed, and presumably there's evolutionary factors here too. If you can't eat you die - having a wound in your mouth that reduces your ability to eat is not good, so there must be strong selective pressures for tissues that can regenerate rapidly. I guess the selective force in the opposite direction might be the caloric demands of healing, hence why we don't regenerate too rapidly.
That, and the blood supply. The inside of my mouth is a sort of lurid pink, because all the tissues are packed with capillaries. Meanwhile, my skin is a barely pinkish off-white, because what blood vessels there are are deep below layers of cells and connective tissue.
As someone who occasionally suffers from canker sores, I wish it were true that they'd heal faster than say a paper cut.
I 100% solved my canker sore problem when I stopped using toothpaste. Apparently it is the Sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) in it that causes them in some people.

Give it a try. Can't hurt.

You can get SLS free toothpaste. Unfortunately the tubes I've found are also flouride free, and they have Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate in them, which I assume is similar to Sodium Lauryl Sulfate.

SLS is only used to make foam when you brush your teeth. I promise I won't think any less of your toothpaste if it doesn't foam!

You can just use baking soda ...
Fluoride is a thing.
FYI, there’s an easy chemical cauterizer called Debacterol that’s basically a magic bullet for canker sores — after application, the pain is completely gone until it’s healed.
Bee Propalis has worked spectacularly for me, and you can buy it for this purpose on Amazon.
Exactly. They always seem much more painful than say a cut on your arm. I still don't know what is the underlying "mechanism" of a canker sore/mouth ulcer. Why do physiological conditions manifest as a "wound" in a random area of the mouth?
If you're open to alternatie medicine, traditional Chinese medicine (and probably ayurvedic medicine) splits food into hot/cold groups that affect your body's balance.

My personal armchair doctor explanation is that the inside of the mouth experiences a lot of small cuts, but our immune system takes care of those before they turn into larger wounds. When your immune system is weaker, or your mouth is drier, then those small wounds open into larger ones.

Consider food allergies -- I used to suffer from canker sores and then accidentally stopped drinking milk for 6 months (moved to a place where it wasn't available) and voila they disappeared!

(I didn't actually notice that they had disappeared until I returned to milk-land, and they came back. Took another month or so to establish the link clearly, since there was 3-4 day delay between drinking milk and appearance of canker sores. Then it took another couple of years to alter my habits ...)

It's not so much that you were drinking milk, as that you were drinking milk to answer thirst—i.e., you were drinking milk when dehydrated. When you're dehydrated, the mucous membranes of your mouth and throat and sinuses become highly absorbent to any fluid that passes by. If there are things dissolved in solution in that fluid, they'll get absorbed into your mucous membranes too, and stick around for quite a while (either until you drink something else; until you exercise or take in a sauna, and sort of "sweat internally", purging said membranes; or until your lymphatic system slowly flushes the contents of your interstitial fluid out to your liver.)

To talk about canker sores, I first have to talk about dental plaque. Plaque appears when both of these conditions are true:

1. your mucous membranes are saturated with nutrients (such as those in milk, or juice, or soda, or "saucy" foods) amenable to the growth of bacterial biofilms; and

2. you are dehydrated enough—or under the chronic effects of diuretics such as caffeine—such that you don't consistently produce enough saliva to reach the mucous membrane and battle the nascent bacterial colony.

(That's right: plaque may live on your teeth, but the food those bacteria consume mostly isn't food stuck to/between your teeth; it's food "in" the mucous membranes of your lips. This is why the regrowth speed of plaque seems to have no correlation to how well you've brushed your teeth—the factor is how much food they have access to, and brushing your teeth has no effect on the nutritive content of your mucous membranes.)

Canker sores, then, happen when an established plaque (bacterial biofilm) colony is pressed into a dehydrated mucous membrane, further isolating it from the reach of saliva, for an extended period. Picture, say, a dirty tooth pressed against your lower/upper lip as you sleep, with your face laying to squeeze that part of your lip around the tooth, such that saliva can't get in.

So, ways to avoid the problem:

1. brush your teeth at night (i.e. after you stop eating food.) It's more important than brushing in the morning, if you want to prevent canker sores.

2. If you're dehydrated, drink water or another substance that contains few bacteria-promoting nutrients (like unsweetened flavoured carbonated water, or even hard liquor.) If you can't—if only milk/juice/soda/beer/coolers are being served—then try to "chase" your drink with water as soon as possible. When you do, swish some of the water in your mouth as if it was a mouthwash. Ensure your mucous membranes themselves are getting hydrated.

3. Get enough vitamin C. Subclinical hypovitaminosis C ("pre-scurvy") causes the linings of your mucous membranes to weaken, making it easier for rough spots on your teeth to cause micro-abrasions in them, which is where bacterial biofilms get in. But make sure you're not "getting enough vitamin C" by drinking orange juice when you're dehydrated!

Keep in mind that many aphthous ulcers are actually viral in origin, too, relating to the body's reaction to them. There are a wide variety of causes of canker sores and mouth ulcers, which likely represent different kinds of pathologic mechanisms with the same result. Even some systemic diseases can manifest this way.
Great point. I have found that if I eat fresh uncooked pineapple then a similar few days later I get one. Sure can take a while to make the connection.
I'll just chime in as someone who used to get them all the time with what worked for me.

Mouthwash, specifically Listerine. As long as I use it everyday I never get canker sores anymore.

Sometimes these are related to acid reflux. In my case I eliminated them by switching to a diet (earlier, medicine) to treat acid reflux. Quite a relief.
What diet do you use to treat acid reflux? I am taking pills, but want to avoid it.
as my dentist said when I asked him about is there any thing to heal them - he replied well they can take either a week or 7 days to heal. He's a funny guy.
I wonder if the instinct to lick wounds is related to this.
It is. As is mothers kissing their children's boo-boos.
And yet we still can't heal damaged gums easily. When somebody figures that out, they'll be rich.
You mean periodontics? I think the main problem there is horizontal bone loss. Periodontists can laser off unhealthy gum tissue, but once the jawbone has retreated, there's less scaffolding for healthy gum to regrow on, so it won't grow back to the same level you originally had.

Figure out how to reverse horizontal bone loss though, and you'll be rich!

Then why is it that brushing too hard is also cited as a cause of gum recession in mainstream dentistry? Shouldn't it grow back in that case, if the underlying tooth is full?
I recently had a post for a dental implant installed and the doctor used ground cadaver (or maybe bovine) bone to help grow new bone around the post area. Is that related to what you are talking about?
That had disappointingly little content. Mouth wounds heal faster because of background saliva, but why?
Histatins: antimicrobial peptides with therapeutic potential

ABSTRACT

Histatins are a group of antimicrobial peptides, found in the saliva of man and some higher primates, which possess antifungal properties. Histatins bind to a receptor on the fungal cell membrane and enter the cytoplasm where they target the mitochondrion. They induce the non-lytic loss of ATP from actively respiring cells, which can induce cell death. In addition, they have been shown to disrupt the cell cycle and lead to the generation of reactive oxygen species. Their mode of action is distinct from those exhibited by the conventional azole and polyene drugs, hence histatins may have applications in controlling drug-resistant fungal infections. The possibility of utilising histatins for the control of fungal infections of the oral cavity is being actively pursued with the antifungal properties of topical histatin preparations and histatin-impregnated denture acrylic being evaluated. Initial clinical studies are encouraging, having demonstrated the safety and efficacy of histatin preparations in blocking the adherence of the yeast Candida albicans to denture acrylic, retarding plaque formation and reducing the severity of gingivitis. Histatins may represent a new generation of antimicrobial compounds for the treatment of oral fungal infections and have the advantage, compared with conventional antifungal agents, of being a normal component of human saliva with no apparent adverse effects on host tissues and having a mode of action distinct to azole and polyene antifungals.

Kavanagh, Kevin and Dowd, Susan (2004) Histatins: antimicrobial peptides with therapeutic potential. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 56.

http://eprints.maynoothuniversity.ie/354/1/R03014.pdf

Seriously. It feels like the article ends in the middle of a thought.
"And it contains histatins, which not only kill bacteria but have been shown to speed wound closure independent of antibacterial action."
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stratified_squamous_epithelium

Mouths heal faster because of the type of cells in there. Licking your wounds is a good way to get them infected. Use antibiotic creme and a bandage.

As a physician, I demur: avoid anything but copious irrigation with water ± bandage.
Thats an example of good writing imo. Short and concise.
Weird to know that this is not common knowledge. I have known since I was a kid that applying saliva on a fresh wound helps recover it faster
I always assumed it was because the environment is kept moist. Which is why you bandage wounds, and not let them scab over.
You bandage wounds to keep out bacteria, and it is your skin having to fight off less infections that make it heal faster. Consider that Neosporin,aka generic triple antibiotic ointment, does increase the speed of external wound healing. It does this because of its antibiotic properties. Nothing to do with moisture far as I know, where did you get that notion?
try a dip of "Policresulen"

your body will 'straighten out' due to pain, but wounds usually takes 2~3 days to heal

Mary Roach. Her books are quite fun to read.

The titles are good too.

Stiff: The Curious Lives of Human Cadavers

Bonk: The Curious Coupling of Science and Sex

(2013)
Thanks! Updated.