For physics, I believe you fall in Leonard Susskind's target audience. You can get his book, or even better, watch his large amount of lectures: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iJfw6lDlTuA

Susskind is an eminence - he was Feynman's buddy back in the day. And he's entertaining as hell.

Here's also Gerard 't Hooft's (Nobel laureate) list of concepts and books to master. If you finish that -in several years- you will be a qualified theoretical physicist. Whereas Susskind will give you more of an overview. http://www.goodtheorist.science/