I strongly suspect it would be impossible to use it to any moderate degree without being found out in one way or another.
I know this is a very very poorly worded question :) but I wonder what the most amazing secret was that was held for the longest time?
Very relevant, probably the Allie's breaking the Axis enigma code in WWII.
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra
If the NSA broke RSA, they'd have a similar program set up to ensure nobody notices.
I heard that the use of the golden ratio in projects such as the engineering of cathedrals, required that the first thing you do before you draw your plan is to draw a pentagram, in order to derive the ratio using simple drawing tools, and then carefully erase it, or in other words, make it occult. http://www.matematicasvisuales.com/english/html/geometry/gol...
Also, I'd really like to know who in the hell built the Ankythera device. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antikythera_mechanism
Hopefully.
A key portion of an advantage like this would be who to share 1) derived intel and 2) capability with.