This is not about memorization, but working memory is like the memory cache (or registers?) of our brains.
There are more theories correlating working memory to IQ, specifically look at the dual n-back brain game.
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Registers are the immediate computer analogy that came to mind for me as well.
Does anybody know of a good introductory text about these various theories of memory? I'd love to learn mire about them, but following references is a bit time consuming.
"... Does anybody know of a good introductory text about these various theories of memory? ..."
You might try, DeBono Edward, (Professor of Investigative Medicine at Cambridge when he wrote the book), "The Mechanism of Mind" ISBN 0224617095 January, 1969 ~ http://www.amazon.com/Mechanism-Mind-Edward-Bono/dp/03179055...
I've read it, it's old but forms the basis of DeBonos ideas on thinking. The book goes into detail on the physical formation of memory ~ http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?EdwardDeBono & http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_de_Bono
Yes, it didn't sound perfect for me, but is a measure of how much juggling of information you can do before storing/retrieving it from another place.