It's a great HN submission but once an article has had significant attention, we mark reposts as dupes for about a year.
Germany and Switzerland sure are! Well, not "mandating" as such, but
* subsidizing it for private buildings
* mandating for public buildings
The general goal seems to be around 40 kWh/(m^2 a), with additional incentives/targets to go to full passive (i.e. net zero energy usage).
Unfortunately, most of the reading material is German (at least on Wikipedia) :(. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minergie and https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Passive_house are good starting points in English.
https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Effizienzhaus (German) has some details on the subsidies. Without knowing too much about real estate prices in Germany right now, the available loans to refurbish buildings seem to be in the order of somewhere between "certainly worth it when buying a decrepit old house in a flyover state like Brandenburg" and "well I guess if we're already building a new house, we might as well take out this low-interest loan and build it energy efficient as well".
Northern homes could be surrounded by glass, and/or sunk into the ground/hills. Black should be more common for exteriors. Solar water heating should be more common.
With a bit of earth moving and ingenuity we could build greenhouse orchards into the sides of hills and save on shipping costs for fresher produce.
You might also be interested in r/UrbanForestry on Reddit.
https://99percentinvisible.org/article/fruit-walls-before-gr...