.NET Core did quite a bit of work on introducing "hardware intrinsics". They updated their standard libraries to use those intrinsics and let the JIT optimize userland code. .NET Core performance is pretty good, if not the best [1].

I have myself seen 2-3x improvements in older .NET applications migrating to the .NET Core (called just .NET from version 5 onwards). I think JITed code have a unique advantage here that any hardware-specific optimizations are automatically applied by the JIT, with newer versions of JITs bringing even more performance improvements when the ISAs change.

[1]. https://devblogs.microsoft.com/dotnet/hardware-intrinsics-in...

Edit: Added reference link.