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Does anybody know of something similar, but written in a more elaborate book-like fashion?

It's not about format, of course, it's just that all these model-zoo's are only half of the story — not useless, but rather incomplete. That is, if you learn a lot of them, one day you might remember something and find it useful — or you might not. This is a bit abstract, but I want to say you rarely ever need any special tools of thinking (or maybe even tools in general) — you want a technology. That is, a relatively broad (but precisely defined) instruction of how to identify and approach a set of problems in some domain. I.e., it is more about when to use a tool or technique, rather than being a exhibition of such tools. I mean, there is important difference — that's kinda the difference between going to college and going to a museum.

For example, GTD is a technology (doesn't matter good or bad). It tells you when to use tools/techniques suggested (and a better book would have more showcases and exercises to internalize the idea, IMO). This site or coursera's famous "Models Thinking" course — aren't.

I found the book “Good Strategy, Bad Strategy” was pretty close to what you are talking about.

* Good definitions of what is or is not a strategy

* How to identify whether you have an actual strategy or just some empty words or a repetition of the objective

* A lot of examples of different strategies, bad strategies, and non-strategies

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/11721966-good-strategy-b...

I like your question. I don't have much of a concrete answer, but systems theory paired with queuing theory has been broadly useful for me in assessing situations and making back-of-the-napkin consequence estimations of various decisions.

Of course, I don't know of any book that teaches systems theory "as a technology" -- it's something I've learned by reading a lot of books on different things and picking up the threads they have in common.

Systems theory relies, really, on a complete map of the causal network of a situation. We're not at a point where we can give a step-by-step instruction for inferring the causal network behind situations. We have some ideas on how to statistically do this in a limited fashion (see Judea Perl) but the general problem is still one of creativity, intuition, fact-checking, Bayesian probability, and so on. You get good at it by doing it a lot in various situations and reflecting on your performance -- the way you get good at most mental skills.

I may have ended up answering a different question to the one you asked, but these were my thoughts.

----

I guess with all my rambling I'm trying to say that ultimately, "better thinking" boils down to "a more complete understanding of situations" and the best way to get there in my experience has been the scientific method, democracy (in the true sense of the word), and curiosity. These are very complex technologies that are not easy to teach.

You may find the following useful;

* The Thinker's Toolkit: 14 Powerful Techniques for Problem Solving by Morgan Jones.

* Mindware: Tools for Smart Thinking by Richard Nisbett.

  > Does anybody know of something similar, but written in a more elaborate book-like fashion?
Not book-like, but I put many things that I learn into Anki: https://apps.ankiweb.net/

I sync it to my phone with AnkiDroid: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.ichi2.anki

I occasionally review the actual facts as flashcards. But having the notes already in flashcard format has been my secret weapon for seeming intelligent for years.

I recommend Haberfellner - Systems Engineering (ISBN 303013430X).

The Incose handbook for systems engineering: https://www.incose.org/products-and-publications/se-handbook

(You might be able to find an older version for free)

Disclaimer: I've been participating in a Systems Engineering master program @ university a while back which was based on both Haberfellner (and is finally available in English also) and Incose.

Has it been so long that folks have forgotten https://gamestorming.com/ ? It used to be a classic. https://learning.oreilly.com/library/view/gamestorming/97814...

Here’s an updated version, maybe? https://coda.io/@dave-mastronardi/gamestorming-a-toolkit-for...

Well, the true power of a tool comes from the ability of its user, not from the tool itself

Even though someone explains you where you can you a tool, they just share some instences of the endless possibilities

For example, a stick can be used to make a fire, to support a structure, to throw and hunt, to have hun with your dog, and for many other things

It is all about understanding what the tool is, what its fundamentals are

Once you know the basics, you can see the situations where the tools can be used that no one has ever imagined to used them in that way

You might want to check out The Thinker's Toolkit: https://www.amazon.com/Thinkers-Toolkit-Powerful-Techniques-...
"De Bono's thinking course" by Edward de Bono influenced me greatly
Many people mentioned the Farnam Street newsletter, but Shane Parrish has also published a book in 3 volumes: The Great Mental Models, see https://fs.blog/books/
Not a book, But if you'd like an occasional(non-regular) but high quality newsletter serving the same purpose then checkout - https://www.clearerthinking.org/blog .

P.S. Not affiliated to them in any way, Just a subscriber.

You might be interested in reading « The Macroscope » from Joel de Rosnay. A good read if you’re interested in the theory behind systems thinking.
"Rationality: From AI to Zombies" by Eliezer Yudkowsky.
The Scout Mindset by Julia Galef
I think it is telling that most of the tools on this website (and in similar collections I have seen) are diagrammatic in nature. Diagrams might have been the most important “tools for thought” since our ancestors invented lists, tables, calendars and maps, long before recent note-taking app startups used this expression for their marketing purposes (which is absolutely fair and I am always happy to see when thinking tools become more popular outside of business/science contexts).

I think it has something to do with how intertwined structure is with diagrammatic representation. Models as well as systems are all about structure, which is why you often see them represented in diagrams (and if you don’t, you may still think about them in diagrammatic terms). And yet, historically diagrams have often been neglected in science until very recently.

I believe digital tools are still missing a lot of their potential as thinking tools because of how text-centric they are. I don’t suggest that it could have been different, given technical constraints and demands, but maybe computers would aid our thinking much more if they would actually allow us to more freely and intelligently draw diagrams. Ivan Sutherlands Sketchpad was a great step in that direction (I am sure most of you have seen it: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sketchpad) and more recently the work of Bret Victor (http://worrydream.com/MediaForThinkingTheUnthinkable/). But in many regards I believe that paper is still superior to what we have done so far.

Obsidian.md is a pillar in the modern "Tools for Thought" space (along with logseq and Roam Research). Obsidian's plugin ecosystem is enormous, and features robust, bidirectional integration with Excalidraw. Notes in your diagrams, diagrams in your notes... combining text and visual/spatial sketch and whiteboard tools is profoundly powerful.

https://github.com/zsviczian/obsidian-excalidraw-plugin

Now there's also ExcaliBrain which builds on Obsidian's graph view:

https://github.com/zsviczian/excalibrain

I use miro.com because it lets me thinking visually. I can represent ideas and thoughts with sticky notes, images, tables, embedded videos, etc., and then draw conclusions or find problems, allowing me to go on to make better decisions.

I think making "cave man drawings" (diagrams, lists, etc.), as I call them, when trying to think through some things is a clever way of starting out.

Big fan of some of Barbara Minto's stuff. There is a great talk on executive communication and applying the Minto method from Michael Dearing in the Heavybit library - https://www.heavybit.com/library/video/executive-communicati...
her book is great, I have the 97 version.
Highly recommend the newsletter as well. What's smart about FS and this Untools site is these models are compact ideas you can iterate the logic of into some really sophisticated views.

Things like the Ishikawa diagram on Untools are really new worldviews. I bought Edward Tufte's data visualization books back at the turn of the century, and his objection to powerpoint reduced to how the form of a visualization conveys an underlying logic of ideas by virtue of the dimensions it displays and the number of them that were strictly meaningful ("ink to data ratio"). Viz that only displayed one data variable but added a bunch of "chartjunk," like effects and weird shapes, was not informative but essentially just bizarre totalitarian propaganda.

Some of these mental models and decision support tools are multi-variate systems for evaluating pretty much anything, which makes them almost the basis for alternate ideologies about how to evaluate a dynamic or criticize an idea. Sometimes I suspect what we think of as genius is really just a privately developed ideology based on a few evaluation principles like the ones linked on this thread.

I think that there are like three concepts in math or the world, the concepts being the adjoint, norm and fixed point.

https://github.com/adamnemecek/adjoint

The concept of a fixed point is so ubiquitous.

Intuitively I knew an idea like this must exist, but had no idea of how it could be formulated. If it is indeed accurate, even just to a point, it's probably one of the most important abstractions/heuristics/ideas I have ever read.

> Adjointness is only a part of the story. One often sees equations of the following form inverse(x) = adjoint(x)/norm(x). Once you have adjoint and norm, you magically get inverse.

That said, I am often spectacularly ignorant and easily seduced by simple views of complex things, but if there were name for this form or axiom, like Nemecek's axiom or something, I hope it sticks.

ELI5?

I couldn't make heads or tails out of that or the first linked page.

Do you know of a gentler introduction, for someone with less math background? Or does it only make sense after reaching a certain level of mathematical maturity?
This is one of the hacker new posts that makes me open 50 tabs
haha same! "# new tabs opened" is a poetic metric
Daniel Dennett has an excellent book Intuition Pumps And Other Tools for Thinking https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0393348784

Here's a short article about it: https://fs.blog/dan-dannetts-thinking-tools/

One lovely idea I liked from the book is a recommendation, whenever in an argument / discussion, is to understand the other person's point of view and articulate it so well, that they say "I couldn't have said it better myself". Because it is starting from that point that can you can know you're not strawmanning or misunderstanding each other.

Has anyone mentioned TRIZ yet?

--- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TRIZ

Does anyone know of programming tools for better thinking? I used to be a very good programmer, and now I run a large research organization. One would think that there would be ample opportunity to use my programming skills to better manage the organization, but there's little more than exploring business data using Excel. The closest I've come is the Thinking in Systems stuff that Donella Meadows and her colleagues have done.

Are there other Thinking Tools for programmers who want an edge in managing large groups?

emacs with org mode helps me run an org
This reminds me a lot to FS mental models, they even have some books

https://fs.blog/mental-models/

It would be neat to make this a little more interactive. Let people post comments about how they've used them successfully, and allow star ratings.
Minto pyramid is really interesting to me because, although I had never heard of it before, I tend to read articles from the end for this exact effect.

I also studied math this way, trying to do the exercises, looking at the answers and throughout the materiel to complete them, then read the materiel for start to finish. Any time I tried to read first I wasn't able to grab the concepts.

I met Barbara Minto at a small dinner several years ago. She is an amazing person and had great stories from her time in consulting. I’ve used her system so many times when I’m having trouble putting a complex situation into words
Doesn't every scientific paper follow this rule? An abstract to quickly give the key ideas, an intro describing these key ideas in more depth, the gory details for those interested in methodology and repeatability.

It's a great format; I wish most non-fiction followed it.

This reminds me of the inverted pyramid style of journalism: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inverted_pyramid_(journalism)

Unless I'm trying to do something stylistic, I pretty much always try to structure my writing this way. Especially technical writing.

I’m seeing a lot of good systems thinking recommendations here, and I would add “Thinking in Systems” by Donella H. Meadows.

At the moment, I am particularly interested in finding good books and resources on communication. Especially verbal, critical, collaborative communication, and receptiveness/openness. Team and interpersonal focused stuff. There are so many resources out there, but I’d like to hear about what other HN users have found useful.

(2020)

Submitted 3 times in the past month alone

Some previous discussion from a few years back when this was newer https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=23339830

If you want to consume the Untools content via a daily RSS feed, check out my project: https://tips.darekkay.com/
I'm using this one, https://heptabase.com/
Looks nice, but may I ask how is it different from Freeplane which is also a mindmap but FOSS.
Wow, such an effective & relevant overview. I’m 30yo, and this is first time I’ve ever subscribed to a website newsletter.
Needs a Youtube video on each model.
an (audio)book of this would be great