So, if I (as a PE company) buy a hospital for say 5B. Have it take out 3B in loans, sells 3B of assets, and pay the me (as the PE company) 6B in management fees I'll come out 1B ahead. The hospital is technically 1B in the hole but when it declares bankruptcy I don't have to bail it out, the debt is just wiped and I get to keep the 1B.
Afaik, not talked about in the article but you can also treat companies as a reverse annuity. Take out a huge loan against the companies future revenue and use that money now. Of course if the company goes bankrupt in the process you get to keep it because it's your (PE companies's) money and not the companies.
so who is lending this money, and why would they risk the lending if they knew that it's quite possible for bankruptcy to happen?
If there's enough assets to collateralize the loan, then the business is not in the hole after all?