I'm not nearly smart enough to state this confidently, but doesn't [1] imply that exotic embeddings can always be replaced by larger Euclidean embeddings?
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No.
Consider a square (with graph shortest path distances) for example. All euclidean embeddings have a minimum error of 20-40% or so. If you try to embed any graph containing that subgraph (embedding friends, advertisers, words, ...), you'll similarly have guaranteed error. Relaxing the square to a squircle, you'll see that error even for a really simple manifold.
Riemannian manifolds are a bit more special.