It could be text, audio, video, raw signal bitstream from an IoT sensor, or a full duplex async combination of anyone of those.
It wouldn't be a "chat service" to an outside observer, it would just be seemingly random, opaque bits between two endpoints.
At end of day, if someone wants to do this, there is no way, afaik, it can be detected. so, all these laws won't really help combating serious criminals who have some savvy.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analog_hole
If you're running a criminal organization, a bigger threat than a wiretap can be someone wearing a wire, so to speak. Talking about anything over text creates a ton of evidence about the criminal conspiracy that you are currently engaged in. That evidence can be screencapped or recorded or whatever else by the person at the other end of the conversation. Since you don't have physical control over that person, it's possible they could be compromised.
If you keep everything in-person, even if someone becomes a snitch, you can still check them for hidden recording devices. At best, this means the evidence against you is that person's recollection of your conversation.
This is the same reason why it's much harder to pirate a movie in theatres than one released on streaming. Physical control over the environment that information is disseminated in is the gold standard, just look at the US military:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sensitive_compartmented_inform...