https://i.ytimg.com/vi/W9AjhGko2mA/maxresdefault.jpg
The fourth one controls recirculate, and it allowed you to set in-between positions between 100% recirculate and 100% fresh air.
To simultaneously optimize pollution/humidity/CO2 I find I prefer about 80% recirculate and 20% fresh air, but achieving this configuration is impossible in most (all?) modern cars.
Yay for "progress" eh? I know the recirculate door servo can stop halfway, just let me control it...
Toyota ran ads encouraging owners to crack windows in the rain and I noticed no final movement. But I'm not risking it.
Versus... the designer of a custom complex multi-part powered assembly (manufacturing cost not discussed, cleaning not discussed, visibility in varying light conditions not discussed) who has the fantasy that users want to squint at a tiny screen on a knob while driving, and that pushing all this and associated documentation down a global service network is going to come at an acceptable cost to users.
This begs the question: who's the real knob?
Every OEM has used the 3-knob design on and off but it was particualrly hot in the 90s and 00s. It isn't a Toyota thing, or even a specifically Japanese thing.
Here's a random 00s Honda:
https://www.samarins.com/reviews/img/cr-v_04_int_large.jpg
Here's the OJ era bronco:
https://media.carsandbids.com/cdn-cgi/image/width=2080,quali...
Here's a GMT800
https://jandjautowrecking.com/cdn/shop/files/57_8fc2bd4a-2cb...
Here's a radom VW
https://i.ebayimg.com/images/g/7w0AAOSwApleAMyP/s-l1600.webp