We only have resources of one planet to share among the entire population, so I think it's safe to say that it is a zero-sum game.
Assuming of course, we don't end up going into space.
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The earth's not a closed system, it's powered by the Sun.
--MC Hawking.
The solar flux is reasonably constant and finite.
Various cycles (CO2, nitrogen, water, soil) are also relatively finite. We've been perturbing several of these for quite some time, with ultimate effects we can't really know.
Not to mention any natural variability within the system.