This Google doc script monitors your websites and sends an SMS to alert you when down. It uses the same "Calendar->SMS" feature.
More specifically, it varies by carrier legacy system. Finding the correct email-to-SMS address construction (usually some variant of phonenumber@domain.tld) may take some poking around, and it's not uncommon for the domain.tld portion to refer to some prior carrier acquired by the nominal provider (e.g.: your AT&T wireless number might have a cingular.com address, though don't quote me on that).
That said: it typically works and is fairly reliable once you've identified your gateway.
EDIT: http://brettterpstra.com/2010/11/19/sms-from-the-command-lin...
I doubt that the volume of API requests originating from this script would generate even a blip on Google's radar.
echo 'hello world' | mail -s "message" <number>@cingularme.com
That is why this is interesting.
AT&T, Verizon, Sprint, T-Mobile etc. If you want to text somebody else, you'll have to figure out their carrier first though. :(
Is their a way determine their carrier without asking?
http://www.nanpa.com/reports/reports_cocodes_assign.html
However, sometimes the companies listed are subsidiaries and you can't tell the 'major' cellular provider for someone at a particular number.
http://cl.ly/image/1l1g071h1d0C
You can create an unfunded account with them and use the lookup feature, if I'm not mistaken. (Though I don't recommend doing so, it's not nice!)
curl http://textbelt.com/text -d number=5551234567 -d "message=Blah"[0]: http://www.randomshouting.com/2011/02/06/Free-SMS-notificati...