63.36%: "The NYSE had ... built this 4000,000-square-foot fortress in the middle of nowhere ... the moment they announced their plans HFT firms began to buy up land surrounding the fort ... the NYSE somehow persuaded the SEC to let them make a rule for themselves: Any banks or brokers or HFT firms that did not buy space inside the fort would be allowed to connect to the NYSE in or of two places: Newark, New Jersey, or Manhattan. The time required to move a signal ... undermined HFT strategies ... "There was a precedent: They'd let NYSE do it,"..."
So to my unsophisticated eye, this sophisticated reviewer is blowing a bit of smoke. Not all smoke, but a bit of it at least.
I'm beginning to suspect the author is flat out dishonest. The Goldman cock-up is used as a <i>defense</i> of Goldman. Lewis says that unlike other firms they had a legitimate excuse for not trading with IEX - they didn't trust their systems. So, no the cockup had nothing in particular to do with HFT, but Lewis never implied that it did, and it is impossible to read that paragraph and come to another conclusion honestly. The review author is not shooting straight.
75.73%: "A few thought it was important to remember that technology had lowered their trading costs from what they had been decades earlier - and half-turned a half-blind eye to the stunts Wall Street intermediaries had pulled to prevent technology from lowering those costs even further."