When you etch the touchscreen on the back of the glass and then bond the whole thing to the LCD with optically clear adhesive, you've created one single piece that's nearly half of the phone's guts.
If people are okay with the LCD moving backwards and leaving an airgap like the first phones, then perhaps it's possible.
Most screens come with the kit of tools you need for the tiny screws and to pop off the ribbon cable connectors.
I think that is pretty quick easy and cheap. I feel bad for people who go to Genius Bar to have this done for $150.
The parts are cheap on eBay. So far the $3 battery has been a dud though.
Several plastics can do that.
I'm afraid untill somebody comes with a cheap way to manufacture diamonds, we'll have to trade impact strength off scratch resistance in every design.